{"id":5139,"date":"2026-09-19T15:15:14","date_gmt":"2026-09-19T15:15:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/crystals.rocks\/"},"modified":"2026-09-19T15:15:14","modified_gmt":"2026-09-19T15:15:14","slug":"naldrettite","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/crystals.rocks\/sk\/article\/naldrettite\/","title":{"rendered":"Naldrettit"},"content":{"rendered":"

Naldrettit je zriedkav\u00fd miner\u00e1l palladia a antim\u00f3nu s chemick\u00fdm vzorcov Pd\u2082Sb. Patr\u00ed medzi miner\u00e1ly palladia, antimonidy a miner\u00e1ly skupiny striebra. Naldrettit sa \u010dasto vyskytuje ako mikroskopick\u00e9 zrnie\u010dka v sulfidov\u00fdch r\u0443\u0434n\u00fdch lo\u017eisk\u00e1ch, mafick\u00fdch a ultramafick\u00fdch magmatick\u00fdch rokoch, hydroterm\u00e1lnych syst\u00e9moch a in\u00fdch geologick\u00fdch prostrediam obsahuj\u00facich palladium a antimon.<\/p>\n

\"Naldrettit\"
Naldrettit<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Miner\u00e1l sa zvy\u010dajne nach\u00e1dza ako pr\u00edslu\u0161n\u00e1 f\u00e1za namiesto toho, aby bol hlavn\u00fdm horninotvorn\u00fdm miner\u00e1lom. Jednotliv\u00e9 zrny s\u00fa zvy\u010dajne ve\u013emi mal\u00e9, \u010dasto menej ako nieko\u013eko stoviek mikrometrov v priemere, a s\u00fa \u010dasto pripevnen\u00e9 alebo uzatvoren\u00e9 sulfidov\u00fdmi miner\u00e1lmi. Preto\u017ee m\u00e1 mal\u00fa ve\u013ekos\u0165 zrn a bl\u00edzku asoci\u00e1ciu s in\u00fdmi miner\u00e1lmi skupiny platiny, naldrettit sa norm\u00e1lne identifikuje prostredn\u00edctvom odrazov\u00e9ho svetelnomikroskopu, elektromikroprieskumu a kry\u0161talografick\u00fdch met\u00f3d.<\/p>\n

Naldrettit patr\u00ed na skupinu miner\u00e1lov predmetov skupiny platiny. Jeho zlo\u017eenie je dominovan\u00e9 palladiom a antim\u00f3nom, hoci v pr\u00edrodn\u00fdch vzork\u00e1ch sa m\u00f4\u017eu vyskytova\u0165 aj men\u0161ie mno\u017estv\u00e1 platiny, arzenu, \u017eeleza a s\u00edry. Ide\u00e1lny zlo\u017eenie je vyjadren\u00fd ako Pd\u2082Sb, zatia\u013e \u010do analyzovan\u00e9 zrne m\u00f4\u017eu ukazova\u0165 obmedzen\u00fa chemick\u00fa substit\u00faciu.<\/p>\n

Miner\u00e1l je nepr\u016fsvitn\u00fd a kovov\u00fd vzhled. Pod rovinn\u011b polarizovan\u00fdm odra\u017een\u00fdm svetlom sa \u010dasto jav\u00ed ako jasne mlie\u010dno biely. Je ortorombick\u00fd a patr\u00ed do priestorovej skupiny Cmc2\u2081<\/strong>. Na rozdiel od mnoh\u00fdch zbierate\u013esk\u00fdch miner\u00e1lov sa naldrettit nevyskytuje ako ve\u013ek\u00e9 vidite\u013en\u00e9 kry\u0161t\u00e1ly a nem\u00e1 \u017eiadnu ustanoven\u00fa pou\u017eitie ako drahokam.<\/p>\n

Historia a meno Naldrettitu<\/h2>\n

Naldrettit bol prv\u00fdkr\u00e1t op\u00edsan\u00fd ako nov\u00e1 min\u00e9ral v roku 2005. Typov\u00fd materi\u00e1l poch\u00e1dzal z the Mesamax Severoz\u00e1padok depozit<\/strong> v p\u00e1sme Cape Smith v oblasti Ungava v severnom Qu\u00e9becu, Kanade.<\/p>\n

Miner\u00e1l bol pomenovan\u00fd pod\u013ea Anthony J. Naldrett<\/strong>, geol\u00f3g, ktor\u00fd je zn\u00e1my svojou pracou na magmatick\u00fdch sulfidov\u00fdch zlo\u017eenin\u00e1ch, nik\u013eovo-medicinov\u00fdch ruda, a mineraliz\u00e1cii prechodn\u00fdch kovov. Jeho v\u00fdskum prispel k pochopeniu toho, ako sa sulfidov\u00e9 rudy tvoria v mafick\u00fdch a ultramafick\u00fdch magmatick\u00fdch prostred\u00edach.<\/p>\n

P\u00f4vodn\u00e9 popis ur\u010dil naldrettit ako nov\u00fd intermetallidn\u00fd miner\u00e1l spojen\u00fd s komplexnou zmesou sulfidov, min\u00e9ralov skupiny platiny, telluridov, antimonidov a zmenen\u00fdch miner\u00e1lov. Objav bol zalo\u017een\u00fd na jeho chemickom zlo\u017een\u00ed, optickom spr\u00e1van\u00ed, kry\u0161t\u00e1lovej \u0161trukt\u00fare a vz\u0165ahu k in\u00fdm miner\u00e1lom v r\u00fade.<\/p>\n

Od p\u00f4vodn\u00e9ho popisu bolo naldrettit s rovnak\u00fdm alebo bl\u00edzko s\u00favisiacim zlo\u017een\u00edm hl\u00e1sen\u00fd z viacer\u00fdch \u010fal\u0161\u00edch geologick\u00fdch prostred\u00ed. Tieto zah\u0155\u0148aj\u00fa magmatick\u00e9 niklov\u00e9 medi\u00e9, platini\u010dn\u00e9 elementy, hydroterm\u00e1lne \u017eily spojen\u00e9 s porfyrick\u00fdmi mediovo-zlat\u00fdmi syst\u00e9mami, alja\u0161sk\u00e9 typy z\u00f3nov\u00fdch intr\u00fazi\u00ed, zmenen\u00e9 chromity a in\u00e9 metasomatick\u00e9 alebo metamorfn\u00e9 prostredia.<\/p>\n

Formovanie a geologick\u00e9 v\u00fdskyt naldreittitu<\/h2>\n

Naldrettit vznik\u00e1 v geologick\u00fdch prostrediam, kde sa nach\u00e1dza pall\u00e1dium a antimon a m\u00f4\u017eu sa po\u010das krystaliz\u00e1cie alebo alter\u00e1cie r\u0443\u0434n\u00fdch min\u0435\u0440\u00e1lov kombinova\u0165. Jeho vznik je zvy\u010dajne spojen\u00fd s neskor\u00fdmi f\u00e1zami magmatickej krystaliz\u00e1cie, hydroterm\u00e1lnej alter\u00e1cie alebo metasomatickej \u010dinnos\u0165ou.<\/p>\n

Typ v\u00fdskytu v z\u00e1klade Mesamax Northwest sa nach\u00e1dza pri okrajoch bazaltov\u00fdch dykov. Naldrettit sa vyskytuje spolu so sulfidov\u00fdmi miner\u00e1lmi ako s\u00fa pyrrhotit, pentlandit, chalcopyrit, gal\u00e9n, sfalerit a kobaltit. Je tie\u017e spojen\u00fd s klinochlorom, magnetitom, sudburitom, elektrumom, altaitom, sperrylitom, micheneritom, petzitom a hessitom.<\/p>\n

V tomto type prostredie sa pall\u00e1dium m\u00f4\u017ee koncentrova\u0165 v s\u00fastave bohatom na sulfidy alebo v neskor\u00fdch tekutin\u00e1ch. Antim\u00f3n a in\u00e9 prchav\u00e9 prvky sa m\u00f4\u017eu sta\u0165 mobiln\u00fdmi po\u010das ochladzovania a alter\u00e1cie. Ak s\u00fa chemick\u00e9 podmienky vhodn\u00e9, pall\u00e1dium a antim\u00f3n sa m\u00f4\u017eu precipitova\u0165 ako naldrettit.<\/p>\n

Pozdnej\u0161ie \u0161t\u00fadie dokumentovali naldrettit v r\u00f4znych geologick\u00fdch prostrediam. Je naj\u010dastej\u0161ie sp\u00e1jan\u00fd s magmatick\u00fdmi Ni-Cu-PGE sulfidov\u00fdmi lo\u017eiskami, kde sa platini\u0165ov\u00e9 prvky koncentruj\u00fa pri oddelen\u00ed a krystaliz\u00e1cii sulfidov\u00fdch taven\u00edn. Bol tie\u017e spr\u00e1van\u00fd z hydroterm\u00e1lnych \u017e\u013abokov v porfyrick\u00fdch me\u010f-gold syst\u00e9moch a z lo\u017e\u00edsk platini\u0165ov\u00fdch prvkov spojen\u00fdch s alja\u0161sk\u00fdmi typmi z\u00f3novan\u00fdch intr\u00fazi\u00ed.<\/p>\n

In\u00e9 dokumentovan\u00e9 v\u00fdskyty zah\u0155\u0148aj\u00fa metasomatick\u00e9 antim\u00f3novo-ars\u00e9nov\u00e9 sulfidov\u00e9 rudy, metamorfn\u00e9 nik\u013eovo-oxidov\u00e9 rudy a podoformn\u00e9 chromity. Tieto v\u00fdskyty ukazuj\u00fa, \u017ee naldrettit nie je obmedzen\u00fd na jeden konkr\u00e9tny typ horniny alebo model lo\u017eiska.<\/p>\n

V niektor\u00fdch oblastiach sa zda, \u017ee naldrettit vznikol po\u010das postmagmatick\u00e9ho hydroterm\u00e1lneho stadia. Tekutiny obsahuj\u00face pall\u00e1dium, antim\u00f3n, arz\u00e9n, bism\u00fat alebo tell\u00far m\u00f4\u017eu migrova\u0165 cez trhliny a zmenen\u00e9 horniny a precipitova\u0165 miner\u00e1ly skupiny platiny pri relat\u00edvne n\u00edzkych teplot\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n

Dokumentovan\u00e9 v\u00fdskyt v Luanga Complex v Braz\u00edlii je spojen\u00e9 s chromitom v neoarkeanskom vrstvenom vniknut\u00ed Caraj\u00e1s Mineral Province. V tomto v\u00fdskyte je naldrettit spojen\u00fd s ferianchromitom, oxidmi \u017eeleza a chloritom. Miner\u00e1lne asamble\u00e1\u017e ukazuje na vznik z metamorfn\u00fdch alebo hydroterm\u00e1lnych tekut\u00edn, pri\u010dom krystaliz\u00e1cia prebiehala pod pribli\u017ene 350 \u00b0C.<\/p>\n

Naldrettity v z\u00e1sob\u00e1ch elementov skupiny platiny<\/h2>\n

Naldrettit je jedn\u00fdm z nieko\u013ek\u00fdch miner\u00e1lov, ktor\u00e9 m\u00f4\u017eu hosti\u0165 alebo zaznamen\u00e1va\u0165 pall\u00e1dium v rudoch obsahuj\u00facich skupinu platina. Pall\u00e1dium je \u010dasto mobilnej\u0161ie ako niektor\u00e9 in\u00e9 prvky skupiny platiny, najm\u00e4 po\u010das hydroterm\u00e1lnej alter\u00e1cie a interakcie s tekutinami obsahuj\u00facimi plyn.<\/p>\n

V magmatick\u00fdch sulfidov\u00fdch lo\u017eisk\u00e1ch sa naldrettit m\u00f4\u017ee vyskytova\u0165 po hlavnej krystaliz\u00e1cii sulfidov\u00fdch miner\u00e1lov. Mineral sa m\u00f4\u017ee prichyti\u0165 k pyrrhotitu, pentlanditu, chalcopyritu alebo in\u00fdm sulfidom, alebo sa m\u00f4\u017ee vyskytova\u0165 pozd\u013a\u017e hrani\u010dn\u00fdch ploch a trhlin.<\/p>\n

Pr\u00edtomnos\u0165 naldrettitu v orechovom vzorke teda m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 spojen\u00e1 s nieko\u013ek\u00fdmi f\u00e1zami mineralogickej form\u00e1cie. M\u00f4\u017ee sa tvori\u0165 po\u010das neskor\u00e9ho magmatick\u00e9ho stadia, ke\u010f zvy\u0161kov\u00e9 taveniny sa bohatn\u00fa na nezhodn\u00e9 prvky, po\u010das hydroterm\u00e1lnej alter\u00e1cie, ke\u010f tekutiny pren\u00e1\u0161aj\u00fa palladium a antim\u00f3n, alebo po\u010das metamorfn\u00fdch a metasomatick\u00fdch reakci\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 menia predch\u00e1dzaj\u00facu miner\u00e1lnu asocia\u010diu.<\/p>\n

Naldrettit sa zvy\u010dajne vyskytuje v ve\u013emi mal\u00fdch mno\u017estv\u00e1ch. Nie je obvykle \u0165a\u017een\u00fd ako samostatn\u00fd pall\u00e1diov\u00fd ruda. Namiesto toho sa vyskytuje ako jedna pr\u00edlo\u017en\u00e1 miner\u00e1l v z\u00e1sob\u00e1ch, ktor\u00e9 m\u00f4\u017eu obsahova\u0165 \u0161ir\u0161iu s\u00fastavu platini\u0165ov\u00fdch miner\u00e1lov a sulfidov z\u00e1kladn\u00fdch kovov.<\/p>\n

Kristalick\u00e1 \u0161trukt\u00fara a mineralogick\u00e9 vlastnosti naldrettitu<\/h2>\n

Naldrettit patr\u00ed z skupinu ortorombick\u00fd kry\u0161talick\u00fd syst\u00e9m<\/strong>. Jeho odporovan\u00e1 priestorov\u00e1 skupina je Cmc2\u2081<\/strong>a jednotkov\u00e9ho cellu s\u00fa pribli\u017ene a = 3,3906 \u00c5, b = 17,5551 \u00c5 a c = 6,957 \u00c5.<\/p>\n

Kry\u0161talografick\u00e9 osy ortor\u00f3mbickej \u0161trukt\u00fary sa pret\u00ednaj\u00fa v prav\u00fdch uhloch, ale maj\u00fa r\u00f4zne d\u013a\u017eky. \u0160trukt\u00fara sa l\u00ed\u0161i od in\u00fdch pall\u00e1diovo-antim\u00f3nidov, aj v pr\u00edpade podobn\u00fdch chemick\u00fdch zlo\u017een\u00ed.<\/p>\n

\"Naldrettit\"
Naldrettit<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Naldrettity sa vyskytuj\u00fa ako anhedr\u00e1ln\u00e9 zrnie. Anhedr\u00e1lny zrnie nezobrazuje \u00fapln\u00e9 vonkaj\u0161ie kry\u0161t\u00e1lov\u00e9 plochy, preto\u017ee sa tvor\u00ed medzi predch\u00e1dzaj\u00facimi miner\u00e1lmi, po hrani\u010dn\u00fdch ploch\u00e1ch zrn alebo v otvoren\u00fdch priestoroch v s\u00fastave rudy. Zrnie m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 pripevnen\u00e9 k sulfidom, obk\u013e\u00fa\u010den\u00e9 okolo zrn sulfidov alebo zahrnut\u00e9 do altera\u010dn\u00fdch miner\u00e1lov.<\/p>\n

Niektor\u00e9 zrnie ukazuj\u00fa d\u00f4kazy o vzniknutom polysyntetickom \u0161tiepen\u00ed. \u0160tiepenie odzrkad\u013euje orientovan\u00fd vz\u0165ah medzi \u010das\u0165ami kry\u0161t\u00e1lovej \u0161trukt\u00fary a m\u00f4\u017ee sa vyvin\u00fa\u0165 v reakcii na vn\u00fatorn\u00e9 nap\u00e4tie alebo zmeny po\u010das rastu miner\u00e1lu.<\/p>\n

Miner\u00e1l sa \u010dasto nach\u00e1dza v bl\u00edzkej asoci\u00e1cii s in\u00fdmi miner\u00e1lmi skupiny platiny. Tieto vz\u0165ahy s\u00fa d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9, preto\u017ee miner\u00e1ly obsahuj\u00face palladium m\u00f4\u017eu ma\u0165 podobn\u00fd vzh\u013ead v polrohnut\u00fdch sekci\u00e1ch. Identifik\u00e1cia miner\u00e1lov teda vy\u017eaduje chemick\u00e9 a \u0161truktur\u00e1lne \u00fadaje navy\u0161e k optick\u00e9mu pozorovaniu.<\/p>\n

Farba, lesk a optick\u00e9 vlastnosti naldrettitu<\/h2>\n

Naldrettit je nepr\u016fsvitn\u00fd miner\u00e1l s kovov\u00fdm leskem. Pri mikroskopii odra\u017een\u00e9ho svetla sa \u010dasto jav\u00ed ako jasn\u00e9 mlie\u010dno-biela, najm\u00e4 ke\u010f je pozorovan\u00fd v spojen\u00ed s miner\u00e1lmi ako pentlandit, pyrrhotit, klinochlore a chalcopyrit.<\/p>\n

Miner\u00e1l je neplochroick\u00fd, \u010do znamen\u00e1, \u017ee neukazuje v\u00fdrazn\u00e9 zmeny odrazen\u00e9ho farby pri ot\u00e1\u010dan\u00ed stola mikroskopu pod rovinnopolarizovan\u00fdm svetlom. Je jasne anizotropn\u00fd, tak\u017ee jeho jasnos\u0165 alebo farba sa m\u00f4\u017ee meni\u0165 pri kri\u017eovan\u00fdch pol\u00e1rach, ke\u010f sa zmen\u00ed orient\u00e1cia zrnka.<\/p>\n

Naldrettit m\u00e1 slab\u00fa dvojrozmernos\u0165. Dvojrozmernos\u0165 sa vz\u0165ahuje na rozdiel v odrazivosti pozorovan\u00fd pri poh\u013eade na miner\u00e1l v r\u00f4znych orient\u00e1ci\u00e1ch. U naldrettitu je tento efekt zvy\u010dajne slab\u00fd, ale m\u00f4\u017ee pom\u00f4c\u0165 pri porovnan\u00ed s vizu\u00e1lne podobn\u00fdmi miner\u00e1lmi skupiny platiny.<\/p>\n

\u017diadne vn\u00fatorn\u00e9 odrazy sa norm\u00e1lne ne pozoruj\u00fa. Preto\u017ee miner\u00e1l je nepr\u016fzra\u010dn\u00fd, vlastnosti prech\u00e1dzaj\u00faceho svetla, ako je prieh\u013eadnos\u0165 a lomov\u00e9 spr\u00e1vanie, nie s\u00fa uplatnite\u013en\u00e9 rovnak\u00fdm sp\u00f4sobom ako pre pr\u00edrodn\u00e9 kame\u0148e.<\/p>\n

Zaznamen\u00e1van\u00e9 hodnoty odrazivosti sa zvy\u0161uj\u00fa s dlh\u0161\u00edmi vlnov\u00fdmi d\u013a\u017ekami. V pozemskom vzduchu s\u00fa hodnoty odrazivosti pribli\u017ene 49,0\u201350,9 % pri 470 nm, 53,2\u201355,1 % pri 546 nm, 55,4\u201357,5 % pri 589 nm a 58,5\u201360,1 % pri 650 nm. V paraf\u00edne s\u00fa pr\u00edslu\u0161n\u00e9 hodnoty ni\u017e\u0161ie. Tieto merania sa hlavne pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa na laborat\u00f3rne identifik\u00e1cie a porovnanie s in\u00fdmi nepr\u016fzra\u010dn\u00fdmi rudy.<\/p>\n

Fyzik\u00e1lne a chemick\u00e9 vlastnosti naldrettitu<\/h2>\n

Ide\u00e1lny chemick\u00fd zlo\u017eenie naldrettitu je vyjadren\u00e9 ako Pd\u2082Sb<\/strong>Prirodn\u00e9 zrne moh\u00fa obsahova\u0165 mal\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00e1 platiny, arzenu, \u017eeleza a s\u00edry. V niektor\u00fdch pr\u00edpadoch sa platina \u010diasto\u010dne nahr\u00e1dzuje pall\u00e1diom a arzen \u010diasto\u010dne nahr\u00e1dzuje antim\u00f3nom.<\/p>\n

P\u00f4vodn\u00fd typov\u00fd materi\u00e1l obsahoval pribli\u017ene 63,49 hmot. % palladia a 35,75 hmot. % antim\u00f3nu, s mal\u00fdm mno\u017estvom \u017eeleza, arz\u00e9nu a s\u00edry. Analytick\u00fd celok bol bl\u00edzky 100 hmot. %, \u010do je v s\u00falade s ide\u00e1lnym zlo\u017een\u00edm Pd\u2082Sb.<\/p>\n

Naldrettit je hust\u00fd miner\u00e1l, preto\u017ee pall\u00e1dium a antim\u00f3n s\u00fa obe relat\u00edvne \u0165a\u017ek\u00e9 prvky. Jeho vypo\u010d\u00edtan\u00e1 hustota je pribli\u017ene 10,694 g\/cm\u00b3<\/strong>Vysok\u00e1 hustota pom\u00e1ha rozl\u00ed\u0161i\u0165 ho od mnoh\u00fdch be\u017en\u00fdch sulfidov\u00fdch a silik\u00e1tov\u00fdch miner\u00e1lov, hoci hustotu sa norm\u00e1lne nem\u00f4\u017ee priamo merat na jednotliv\u00fdch mikroskopick\u00fdch zrnoch.<\/p>\n

Miner\u00e1l m\u00e1 tvrdos\u0165 pod\u013ea Mohsa pribli\u017ene 4 do 5<\/strong>Priemern\u00e1 tvrdos\u0165 mikroindent\u00e1cie pribli\u017ene 393 kg\/mm\u00b2 bola spr\u00e1vane\u00e1. Naldrettit nem\u00e1 jasne pozorovan\u00fa \u0161trbinku a jeho lom je nepravideln\u00fd. Jeho odolnos\u0165 bola op\u00edsan\u00e1 ako duktiln\u00e1 a flexibilne nepru\u017en\u00e1, \u010do s\u00fahlas\u00ed so svojou kovovou charakteristikou.<\/p>\n

Naldrettit je nepr\u016fzra\u010dn\u00fd a kovov\u00fd. Nevytv\u00e1ra pr\u016fzra\u010dn\u00e9 krystaly a nie je vhodn\u00fd na be\u017en\u00e9 gemologick\u00e9 testovanie. Jeho diagnostick\u00e9 vlastnosti s\u00fa hlavne chemick\u00e9 zlo\u017eenie, spr\u00e1vanie sa pri odrazenom svetle, kry\u0161t\u00e1lov\u00e1 \u0161trukt\u00fara a asoci\u00e1cia s in\u00fdmi rudy.<\/p>\n

Ako sa identifikuje naldrettit?<\/h2>\n

Naldrettit sa norm\u00e1lne ned\u00e1 sa identifikova\u0165 nezv\u00fd\u0161en\u00fdm vizu\u00e1lnym sk\u00faman\u00edm. Jeho zrn\u00e1 s\u00fa mikroskopick\u00e9, nepr\u016fzra\u010dn\u00e9 a \u010dasto pripevnen\u00e9 k sulfidov\u00fdm miner\u00e1lom alebo uzatvoren\u00e9 v komplexn\u00fdch r\u0443\u0434n\u00fdch text\u00farach.<\/p>\n

Prv\u00fd stupe\u0148 identifik\u00e1cie zah\u0155\u0148a zvy\u010dajne mikrosk\u00f3piu odrazen\u00e9ho svetla. \u0160irok\u00fd bielej kremeovej farby, kovov\u00fd lesk, slab\u00e1 dvojfarebnos\u0165, v\u00fdrazn\u00e1 anizotropia a ch\u00fdba niektor\u00e9 vn\u00fatorn\u00e9 odrazy poskytuj\u00fa predbe\u017en\u00e9 d\u00f4kazy. Av\u0161ak tieto vlastnosti nie s\u00fa dostato\u010dne jedine\u010dn\u00e9 na to, aby stanovili miner\u00e1l samostatne.<\/p>\n

Chemick\u00e1 anal\u00fdza sa zvy\u010dajne vykon\u00e1va pomocou elektr\u00f3novej mikroprieskumnej s\u00fastavy. T\u00e1to met\u00f3da m\u00f4\u017ee mera\u0165 pall\u00e1dium, antim\u00f3n, platina, arz\u00e9n, \u017eelezo, s\u00edru a in\u00e9 prvky v mierke jednotliv\u00fdch zrn. V\u00fdsledn\u00fd zlo\u017eenie mo\u017eno porovna\u0165 s ide\u00e1lnym vzorcami Pd\u2082Sb a so zn\u00e1mymi substitu\u010dn\u00fdmi vzormi.<\/p>\n

Elektr\u00f3nov\u00e1 mikroskopia m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 pou\u017eit\u00e1 na sk\u00famanie morfol\u00f3gie zrn, kontaktov so sulfidmi, altera\u010dn\u00fdch text\u00far a vz\u0165ahov s in\u00fdmi min\u0435\u0440\u00e1lmi platini. Obrazovanie odrazen\u00fdch elektr\u00f3nov je obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 u\u017eito\u010dn\u00e9, preto\u017ee miner\u00e1ly s r\u00f4znymi priemern\u00fdmi at\u00f3mov\u00fdmi \u010d\u00edslami ukazuj\u00fa kontrast v dostupnom obraze.<\/p>\n

R\u00f6ntgenov\u00e1 difrakcia a elektr\u00f3nov\u00e1 difrakcia poskytuj\u00fa inform\u00e1cie o kry\u0161t\u00e1lovej \u0161trukt\u00fare. Tieto met\u00f3dy s\u00fa d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 pre rozli\u0161ovanie naldrettitu od chemicky podobn\u00fdch min\u00e9riov palladia-antim\u00f3niu, vr\u00e1tane sudburyitu a in\u00fdch antim\u00f3nidov.<\/p>\n

\u00dapln\u00e1 identifik\u00e1cia by teda mala kombinova\u0165 vlastnosti odrazen\u00e9ho svetla, kvantitat\u00edvnu chemick\u00fa anal\u00fdzu, kry\u0161talografick\u00e9 \u00fadaje a geologick\u00e9 prostredie zrnka.<\/p>\n

Typy a v\u00fdskytov\u00e9 formy naldreittitu<\/h2>\n

Naldrettit sa pova\u017euje za jednu miner\u00e1lnu druh a nem\u00e1 ofici\u00e1lne stanoven\u00e9 kame\u0148ov\u00e9 variety alebo obchodn\u00e9 farby. Rozdiely medzi vzorkami s\u00fa zvy\u010dajne spojen\u00e9 s chemick\u00fdmi n\u00e1hradami, zrnom, hostite\u013eskou horninou a prostred\u00edm vzniku.<\/p>\n

\"Naldrettit\"
Naldrettit<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Typ-occurrence naldrettite sa vz\u0165ahuje k materi\u00e1lu z lo\u017eisku Mesamax Northwest v \u0161t\u00e1te Quebec, Kanada. Tieto zrnie\u010dka s\u00fa sp\u00e4t\u00e9 so sulfidmi, clinochlore, magnetitom a in\u00fdmi miner\u00e1lmi skupiny platiny.<\/p>\n

Magmatick\u00e9 sulfidov\u00e9 naldrettit sa vyskytuje v niklov\u00fdch, me\u010fov\u00fdch a platinozrnn\u00fdch prvkov\u00fdch zlo\u017ek\u00e1ch a \u010dasto je pripevnen\u00fd k pyrrhotitu, pentlanditu alebo chalcopyritu. Hydroterm\u00e1lny naldrettit sa vyskytuje v \u017eil\u00e1ch alebo zmenen\u00fdch z\u00f3nach, kde pall\u00e1dium a antimon boli pren\u00e1\u0161an\u00e9 tekutinami po tom, \u010do hlavn\u00e9 magmatick\u00e9 miner\u00e1ly vykry\u0161talizovali.<\/p>\n

Chromititovo-spojen\u00fd naldrettit sa vyskytuje v ultramarfick\u00fdch a vrstven\u00fdch intr\u00fazi\u00e1ch, vr\u00e1tane dokumentovan\u00e9ho materi\u00e1lu z Luanga Komplexu v Braz\u00edlii. Metamorfn\u00e9 a metasomatick\u00e9 v\u00fdskyty m\u00f4\u017eu ukazova\u0165 r\u00f4zne sprev\u00e1dzaj\u00face miner\u00e1ly a r\u00f4zne nahradenie platiny alebo arzenu.<\/p>\n

Tieto kateg\u00f3rie opisuj\u00fa geologick\u00e9 v\u00fdskyt, nie form\u00e1lne pomenovan\u00e9 varianty. Chemick\u00e9 rozdiely, ako s\u00fa \u010diastkov\u00e9 n\u00e1hrady platiny za pall\u00e1dium alebo arz\u00e9nu za antim\u00f3n, neznamenaj\u00fa automaticky samostatn\u00e9 druhov\u00e9 miner\u00e1ly.<\/p>\n

Naldrettit a s\u00favisl\u00e9 palladov\u00e9 miner\u00e1ly<\/h2>\n

Naldrettit sa m\u00f4\u017ee vyskytova\u0165 s niektor\u00fdmi in\u00fdmi min\u0435\u0440\u00e1lmi obsahuj\u00facimi pall\u00e1dium. Sudburyit, s chemick\u00fdm zlo\u017een\u00edm PdSb, je chemicky pr\u00edbuzn\u00fd, preto\u017ee tie\u017e obsahuje pall\u00e1dium a antim\u00f3n. Ungavait, s chemick\u00fdm zlo\u017een\u00edm Pd\u2084Sb\u2083, je \u010fal\u0161\u00ed min\u00e9r\u00e1l obsahuj\u00faci pall\u00e1dium a antim\u00f3n, ktor\u00fd bol hl\u00e1sen\u00fd z lo\u017eiska Mesamax Northwest.<\/p>\n

In\u00e9 spojen\u00e9 miner\u00e1ly skupiny platiny m\u00f4\u017eu zah\u0155\u0148a\u0165 sperrylit, michenerit, elektrom a r\u00f4zne palladov\u00e9 telluridy a antimonidy. Rozli\u0161ovanie t\u00fdchto miner\u00e1lov je d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9, preto\u017ee m\u00f4\u017eu ma\u0165 podobn\u00e9 kovov\u00e9 vzh\u013eady a vyskytova\u0165 sa v rovnakom polrohnutom rezove.<\/p>\n

Rozdiely medzi s\u00favisiacimi miner\u00e1lmi sa ur\u010duj\u00fa cez ich chemick\u00e9 pomer, kry\u0161talick\u00e9 \u0161trukt\u00fary, optick\u00e9 vlastnosti a difrak\u010dn\u00e9 vzory. Jednoduch\u00e1 vizu\u00e1lna porovnanie nie je dostato\u010dn\u00e1 na spo\u013eahliv\u00fa identifik\u00e1ciu.<\/p>\n

Pou\u017eitie a komer\u010dn\u00fd stav naldreittitu<\/h2>\n

Naldrettit nem\u00e1 stanoven\u00e9 pou\u017eitie ako drahokam, dekorat\u00edvny miner\u00e1l alebo priemyseln\u00fd materi\u00e1l. Vystupuje ako mikroskopick\u00e9 zrn\u00e1 a nie je \u0165a\u017een\u00fd alebo spracov\u00e1van\u00fd ako samostatn\u00fd komer\u010dn\u00fd miner\u00e1l.<\/p>\n

Jeho ekonomick\u00e1 v\u00fdznamnos\u0165 je spojen\u00e1 s geologick\u00fdmi z\u00e1sobami, v ktor\u00fdch sa vyskytuje. Naldrettit m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 pr\u00edtomn\u00fd v rud\u00e1ch obsahuj\u00facich palladium, platina, nikl, me\u010f, kobalt a in\u00e9 cenn\u00e9 kovy. Av\u0161ak samotn\u00e9 miner\u00e1l predstavuje obvykle len mal\u00fa \u010das\u0165 celkovej rudy a je typicky hodnoten\u00fd ako s\u00fa\u010das\u0165 \u00faplnej asamblee skupiny platinn\u00fdch miner\u00e1lov.<\/p>\n

Pr\u00edtomnos\u0165 naldrettitu m\u00f4\u017ee poskytn\u00fa\u0165 inform\u00e1cie o rozlo\u017een\u00ed palladia, aktivity antim\u00f3nu, hydroterm\u00e1lnej alter\u00e1cii a neskoro\u0161t\u00e1dium v\u00fdvoja r\u0443\u0434otvorn\u00fdch syst\u00e9mov. Mineralogick\u00e9 \u0161t\u00fadie vzoriek obsahuj\u00facich naldrettit teda m\u00f4\u017eu pom\u00f4c\u0165 pri charakteriz\u00e1cii r\u0443\u0434 a proces-mineralogick\u00fdch sk\u00famaniam.<\/p>\n

Preto\u017ee sa miner\u00e1l nach\u00e1dza v jemnozrnom tvare a je tesne spojen\u00fd so sulfidmi, jeho z\u00edskavacia spr\u00e1va z\u00e1vis\u00ed od text\u00fary nosn\u00e9ho rudy, ve\u013ekosti zrn a met\u00f3d spracovania pou\u017eit\u00fdch pri mineralogickom spracovan\u00ed.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Naldrettite is a rare palladium-antimony mineral with the chemical formula Pd\u2082Sb. It is classified as a palladium mineral, an antimonide mineral, and a platinum-group mineral. Naldrettite commonly occurs as microscopic grains in sulfide-rich ore deposits, mafic and ultramafic igneous rocks, hydrothermal systems, and other geological environments containing palladium and antimony. The mineral is generally found […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":5086,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_seopress_titles_title":"Naldrettite Mineral: Formula, Properties & Occurrence","_seopress_titles_desc":"Naldrettite is a rare palladium-antimony mineral with the formula Pd\u2082Sb. It occurs as microscopic grains in PGE ores, hydrothermal systems, and altered chromitites.","_seopress_robots_index":"","_seopress_robots_follow":"","_seopress_robots_imageindex":"","_seopress_robots_snippet":"","_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"","_seopress_robots_breadcrumbs":"","_seopress_robots_freeze_modified_date":"","_seopress_robots_custom_modified_date":"","_seopress_robots_canonical":"","_seopress_social_fb_title":"","_seopress_social_fb_desc":"","_seopress_social_fb_img":"","_seopress_social_fb_img_attachment_id":0,"_seopress_social_fb_img_width":0,"_seopress_social_fb_img_height":0,"_seopress_social_twitter_title":"","_seopress_social_twitter_desc":"","_seopress_social_twitter_img":"","_seopress_social_twitter_img_attachment_id":0,"_seopress_social_twitter_img_width":0,"_seopress_social_twitter_img_height":0,"_seopress_redirections_value":"","_seopress_redirections_enabled":"","_seopress_redirections_enabled_regex":"","_seopress_redirections_logged_status":"","_seopress_redirections_param":"","_seopress_redirections_type":0,"_seopress_analysis_target_kw":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5139","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-article"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/crystals.rocks\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5139","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/crystals.rocks\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/crystals.rocks\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/crystals.rocks\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/crystals.rocks\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5139"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/crystals.rocks\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5139\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5140,"href":"https:\/\/crystals.rocks\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5139\/revisions\/5140"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/crystals.rocks\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5086"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/crystals.rocks\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5139"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/crystals.rocks\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5139"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/crystals.rocks\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5139"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}